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Alloys are widely used in our daily lives, especially in the construction of public infrastructure, where they are indispensable materials. There are many types of alloys, but do you know what alloy copper is?

Alloy copper is primarily based on pure copper, with other elements added during the manufacturing process to form an alloy. Alloy copper exhibits high strength, corrosion resistance, and heat resistance, making it widely applicable across various fields.

: It can be divided into non-alloy copper and alloy copper. Non-alloy copper includes high-purity copper, tough copper, deoxidized copper, and oxygen-free copper, while all other types belong to alloy copper.

: There are conductive and thermal conductive alloy coppers, structural alloy coppers, corrosion-resistant alloy coppers, wear-resistant alloy coppers, free-cutting alloy coppers, elastic alloy coppers, damping alloy coppers, and artistic alloy coppers.

: It can be classified into cast alloy copper and wrought alloy copper. Both types can be further subdivided into cast copper, brass, bronze, and cupronickel.

Alloy copper can be broadly classified into two categories: one is pure copper, and the other is various alloy coppers. What is alloy copper? According to the explanation from Baidu Wenku, an alloy is a substance with metallic properties formed by combining two or more metals or a metal with a non-metal through a certain method, typically by melting into a homogeneous liquid and solidifying. Alloy copper, obviously, refers to an alloy containing copper elements. It can be simply understood as an alloy (copper alloy) composed of pure copper as the base with one or several other elements added.

According to China's classification standards for non-ferrous metals, pure copper is further divided into three types: oxygen-free copper, red copper, and phosphorus deoxidized copper. Oxygen-free copper has a purity greater than 99.95%, with high electrical conductivity, stable processing performance, good weldability, corrosion resistance, and low-temperature performance. Therefore, it is widely used in manufacturing busbars, conductive strips, waveguides, coaxial cables, vacuum seals, vacuum tubes, transistor components, etc. Usually, what we refer to as red copper has a copper content of over 99.95%, with only minimal impurities. Due to its extremely high purity, the electrical conductivity of red copper is significantly lower than that of other types of copper. Red copper is widely used in manufacturing electrical equipment such as generators, busbars, cables, switches, transformers, and heat exchangers. Phosphorus deoxidized copper has a copper content of over 99.90%, with good weldability and cold bending performance, and is widely used in manufacturing gasoline or gas pipelines, drainage pipes, condenser tubes, torpedo tubes, condensers, evaporators, heat exchangers, and train car components.

Alloy copper is generally classified into the following categories: brass, bronze, cupronickel, and silver-copper alloys. Brass refers to an alloy based on copper and zinc, known for its high strength, hardness, and chemical corrosion resistance. Therefore, brass is widely used in manufacturing heat exchangers and condensers, low-temperature pipelines, submarine transportation pipes, sheet materials, strips, rods, tubes, and cast components. Bronze originally referred to copper-tin alloys, known for their high strength, good resistance to sliding friction, excellent machinability, and good weldability, as well as good corrosion resistance in the atmosphere and freshwater. Therefore, bronze is widely used in elastic components such as springs and spring clips, as well as pipe fittings, chemical equipment, wear-resistant parts, and anti-magnetic parts, and in manufacturing friction-bearing parts in the aviation, automotive, tractor, and other industries. Cupronickel is a copper-based alloy with nickel as the main additive element, known for its good ductility, high hardness, attractive appearance, corrosion resistance, and deep-drawing properties. It is widely used in shipbuilding, petrochemical, electrical, instrumentation, medical equipment, daily necessities, crafts, and other fields, and is also an important resistance and thermocouple alloy. However, the main additive element in cupronickel—nickel—is a scarce strategic material and is relatively expensive. Silver-copper alloy is a binary alloy of silver and copper, known for its strong resistance to sulfides, good electrical conductivity, fluidity, wettability, mechanical properties, high hardness, wear resistance, and anti-welding properties. It is widely used in manufacturing contacts for air circuit breakers, voltage controllers, telephone relays, contactors, starters, and other devices, as well as conductive rings and fixed contacts, vacuum brazing materials, commutators, and can also be used to manufacture coins, decorations, and tableware.